Unknown in this part of the World, but notorious nonetheless!
Maurycy August Beniowski was born about September 20, 1746, in Vrbove (near Trnava) Hungary,of Slavic origin, and died May 23, 1786, in Madagascar. He was called Count Maurycy (his Polish name) or Baron Maurice Auguste de Benyowski (by the French) and was reputed to have come from a noble family. One branch of the family was thought to be descended from Count Michko, who lived in the reign of King Samuel Aba (1041-1044). However, to date, I have not found any account of this family in any Polish armorial, however, he may well be written up in Hungarian or Slovakian books. He was a soldier, and his career began as an officer in the Seven Years War. However, his religious views and attitudes towards authority resulted in his leaving the country. From this time on he was called a sailor, an adventurer, a visionary, a colonizer, an entrepeneur, and a king.
Maurice kept a diary most of his life, which later served in the publishing of his Memoirs. He was noted to have participated in an uprising against the Russians, to liberate Poland, as a member of the Confederation (Konfederacja Barska) at Bar beginning in 1768. Slovak archives have many documents concerning "Benyowsky" his wife and his family. They show he studied at Piarist College at Svaty Jur from 1759-1760. There are many letters on file that were written, by the family, in both Latin and Slovak. However the bulk of what we know about Maurycy August Beniowski is from his own writings. Modern scholars are now examining these writings and have found a few inaccuracies.
Beniowski fought alongside the Pulaski brothers. This resulted in his being captured by the Russians and he was exiled in Kamchatka, a seaport in Siberia. In 1771, he wrote, in his memoirs, that he made a pleasurable trip through Macao and Japan after his escape from the Russians. His escape came about as his fellow prisoners and he captured the fort of the governor. Beniowski discovered the Northern Pacific well before James Cook and J. F. Perouse. In 1772, Beniowski was in service of France, where he was promoted to General of the Polish Confederation. Maurice spoke to Louis XV about a colony on Formosa or Madagascar. Beniowski "believed himself to be independant of the administrators of Islands de France, and instead of founding one settlement or a trading post, he evolved a new and more ambitious scheme. In his letters to Paris, he suggested the formation of a colony and informed the Minister that the whole island of Madagascar had been subjugated" ( Archival Source) In 1774, he "conquered" Madagascar, along with an armed expedition, as did many before him. He erected a stronghold, and was made Governor, of the island, by King Louis, along with the title of count. Madagascar is located in the Indian Sea (off the east coast of Africa, near Mozambique). He established a colony at Maroantsetra called Louisborg.